In what situations is self-defense typically justifiable?

Self-defense is typically justifiable in situations where the threat posed is both imminent and the response is proportionate. Imminence means that the threat of harm is immediate and unavoidable, necessitating a swiftly enacted response for protection. If a person perceives an attack that is not immediately forthcoming, the justification for self-defense weakens, as the law requires a clear and present danger.

Moreover, the proportionality aspect emphasizes that the response to the threat must not exceed what is reasonably necessary to prevent harm. This means that using lethal force when non-lethal means would suffice could be seen as excessive and unjustifiable in a self-defense scenario. Thus, the notion of proportionate response ensures that individuals are held accountable for the level of force they choose to deploy in self-defense situations, reinforcing the legal expectation that the reaction to a threat should match the nature of that threat.

While other options touch on various aspects of self-defense, they do not encompass the key principles of immediacy and proportionality that are critical in justifying the use of force.