Which amendment addresses the prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment?

The Eighth Amendment specifically addresses the prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment, establishing a constitutional limit on the severity of punishments that can be imposed by the government. This amendment is part of the Bill of Rights and serves as a crucial safeguard for individuals within the justice system, ensuring that punishments are not excessive or inhumane in relation to the offense committed.

The Eighth Amendment has played a significant role in various landmark Supreme Court cases, which have interpreted its meaning and scope, often referencing evolving standards of decency in society. It emphasizes the importance of humane treatment within the criminal justice process and protects individuals from barbaric practices that may violate societal norms of justice and dignity.

In contrast, the other amendments listed do not focus specifically on the issue of punishment. The Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures, the Fifth Amendment outlines rights related to due process and self-incrimination, and the Ninth Amendment affirms that the enumeration of certain rights in the Constitution does not mean that others do not exist. Thus, the Eighth Amendment is uniquely suited to the question regarding cruel and unusual punishment.